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Corn, Soybean Prices Flounder; Sec. Perdue Reiterates Promise to Stand with Farmers

News articles over the past several days have highlighted heightened U.S. trade policy risks and recent declines in the price of corn and soybeans.  Farm state Senators expressed their concern regarding executive branch trade policy, and its impact on the U.S. agricultural sector, to Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross at a recent Finance Committee hearing.  Meanwhile, Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue indicated in a recent opinion column that, “The U.S. has to stand up to China’s abusive trade practices like intellectual property theft.  And we won’t leave farmers to face Chinese bullying alone.”

Background: Commodity Prices Decline

Bloomberg News reported on Wednesday that, “Bilateral tariffs may reduce the value of U.S. farm exports to China by about 40 percent, according to a report published by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a government think tank.

“U.S. soybean, cotton, beef and cereal shipments to China may each drop by 50 percent in value, it said in a report published on its official WeChat account on Tuesday, citing results of a simulation. The price of imported soybeans may rise 5.9 percent and imported cotton prices may increase 7.5 percent, with minor impacts predicted for other farm goods, it said.

“China could take measures including sourcing supply from countries within the ‘One Belt, One Road initiative, increasing purchases of soybean substitutes and supporting domestic production of the oilseed, according to the think tank. It also suggested that the government maintain its minimum purchase prices for wheat and rice and subsidize growers. The Asian country is the world’s top importer of soybeans and rice, third-biggest cotton buyer and biggest wheat producer.”

Meanwhile, Lev Borodovsky reported earlier this week at The Wall Street Journal Online that, “Agricultural commodities tumbled on Monday amid heightened trade policy risks. Once again, this trend will further stress US farming/rural communities and may impact the midterm elections.”

“The Daily Shot: From Corn to Milk, U.S. Agricultural Commodities Slammed Amid Trade Worries,” by Lev Borodovsky. The Wall Street Journal Online (June 26, 2018).
“The Daily Shot: From Corn to Milk, U.S. Agricultural Commodities Slammed Amid Trade Worries,” by Lev Borodovsky. The Wall Street Journal Online (June 26, 2018).

And Alex Soderstrom reported on Monday at the Atlanta Journal-Constitution Online that, “An escalating trade dispute between the United States and top trading partners has one of Georgia’s largest industries caught in the crossfire, as tariffs recently implemented by China threaten to hit the wallets of farmers in the Peach State.

Cotton, peanut, pecan and soybean crops in the state all face falling prices and the loss of major markets as a result of retaliatory tariffs either implemented or proposed by China. These import taxes have been created in response to new tariffs President Donald Trump has slapped on trading partners in recent months.

The ACJ article added that, “Soybean prices have fallen $1.50 a bushel since the Chinese threatened tariffs in April, said Terry Hollifield, the executive director for the Georgia office of the American Soybean Association. That drop is equivalent to about 10 percent of the crop’s value.”

The soybean farmer hoped it might be a bluff. A hard-edged negotiating tactic. A whole lot of sound and fury from Washington, D.C., and Beijing that would ultimately signify nothing to his corn-and-soybean farm near Gresham.

But now it is late June. Scott Richert’s beans stand a foot tall. Seemingly every day, the president he voted for escalates a trade fight with China. Seemingly every day, the price of his soybeans plunges further into the toilet.

Mr. Hansen explained, “Soybean prices have plummeted in the past few weeks, amid threats of tariffs, then retaliation to those threats, then retaliation to that retaliation. How far? On Tuesday, prices for soybean futures briefly dropped to their lowest point in nine years before rebounding slightly.”

Senators Express Concern in Finance Committee Hearing

Politico writers Adam Behsudi and Megan Cassella reported last week that, “Senators of both parties lit into Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross on [June 20th at a Senate Finance Committee hearing] over President Donald Trump’s steel and aluminum tariffs, saying they’re damaging U.S. manufacturing and agriculture without showing a clear strategy for countering China.”

During the hearing, Sen. Michael Bennet (D., Colo.) indicated that he did not think the administration will have any backstop to help farmers and ranchers regarding any adverse impacts from trade (audio clip below).

Also at the hearing, Sen. John Thune (R., S.D.) noted that, “Corn, wheat, beef, and pork are all suffering market price declines, as well due to current trade policies – and I’d like to drive home the point that with every passing day, the United States loses market share to other countries competing with our ag product markets – some of it unlikely to be recaptured.”

And after Sec. Ross noted that Sec. Perdue would use every power at his disposal to assist farmers with the negative market impacts of trade policy, Iowa GOP Senator Chuck Grassley pointed out that farmers would rather have money from the market place instead of the Treasury.

Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue Says Administration Will Protect Farmers

In a column posted at USA Today Online on Tuesday, Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue addressed agricultural trade issues and stated that, “In 2011, a group of Chinese nationals dug up genetically engineered seeds from an Iowa corn field and planned to steal and send them back to China, so they could be reverse engineered. Those seeds, the result of years of research and millions of dollars of American investment, now stand as one of countless pieces of evidence in the case against China for intellectual property theft and unfair trade practices.

“Now, President Donald Trump is standing up to China, which wrongly believes it can bully our farmers to get America to back away from defending our national interests.

The president understands that our farmers feed, fuel and clothe this nation and the world, and he will not allow U.S. agriculture to bear the brunt of China’s retaliatory tactics.

Sec. Perdue indicated that, “There is no denying that the disruption in trade relations with China is unsettling to many in agriculture, but if the president succeeds in changing China’s behavior, America’s farmers will reap the benefits.

In the meantime, the president has instructed me to craft a strategy to support our farmers in the face of retaliatory tariffs. At the U.S. Department of Agriculture, we have tools at our disposal to support farmers faced with losses that might occur due to downturns in commodities markets. To this point, we have not unveiled our strategy, as it is not good practice to open our playbook while the opposing team is watching.

“But farmers should know this: They have stood with President Trump and his policies, and we will make good on our promise to stand with them as well. If China does not soon mend its ways, we will quickly begin fulfilling our promise to support producers, who have become casualties of these disputes.”

Reuters writer Mark Weinraub reported on Tuesday that, “Perdue said at a news conference the Commodity Credit Corp (CCC) could be one of the major tools used in any plan to compensate farmers hurt by the trade fight. The CCC has broad authority to make loans and direct payments to U.S. growers when prices for corn, soybeans, wheat and other agricultural goods are low.

“Congress lifted certain restrictions on the U.S. agriculture secretary’s authority to use CCC funds in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018.”

And a Chicago Tribune article from Tuesday quoted Sec. Perdue as saying, “Any farmer — and all of us — would rather have trade, not aid. We believe we’re in a temporary situation. We’re looking on a weekly basis on what the impact of these trade disruptions are from a financial aspect to farmers. There are mitigation strategies that have to do with actual remuneration of damages done there. It’s not baked-in yet exactly what measures we would take.”

Keith Good Photo

Keith Good is the Farm Policy News editor for the farmdoc project. He has previously worked for the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service, and compiled the daily FarmPolicy.com News Summary from 2003-2015. He is a graduate of Purdue University (M.S.- Agricultural Economics), and Southern Illinois University School of Law.

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